By the end of grade four, students will:

B.4.1 Represent and explain whole numbers*, decimals, and fractions with

• physical materials
• number lines and other pictorial models*
• verbal descriptions
• place-value concepts and notation
• symbolic renaming (e.g., 43=40+3=30+13)

B.4.2 Determine the number of things in a set by

• grouping and counting (e.g., by threes, fives, hundreds)
• combining and arranging (e.g., all possible coin combinations amounting to thirty cents)
• estimation, including rounding

B.4.3 Read, write, and order whole numbers*, simple fractions (e.g., halves, fourths, tenths, unit fractions*) and commonly-used decimals (monetary units)

B.4.4 Identify and represent equivalent fractions for halves, fourths, eighths, tenths, sixteenths

B.4.5 In problem-solving situations involving whole numbers, select and efficiently use appropriate computational procedures such as

• recalling the basic facts of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
• using mental math (e.g., 37+25, 40x7)
• estimation
• selecting and applying algorithms* for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
• using a calculator

B.4.6 Add and subtract fractions with like denominators

B.4.7 In problem-solving situations involving money, add and subtract decimals

*See Glossary.

Content Standard B