WIS477 TRACTORS AND ENGINES 02/26/1990 09:24 AM D1 374 Lines Agriculture Mechanization/Engineering and Technical Support Services Tractors and Engines (20-40 days) This unit deals with understanding and safe operation of agricultural tractors and engines. Topics include career opportunities, gasoline and diesel engines, maintenance, operator's manuals, engine systems, hydraulics, and tractor and engine selection and application. Objectives To acquaint students with employment information and career opportunities in the agricultural power industry To increase student understanding of the basic principles of gasoline and diesel engines To develop student understanding of the systems found on engines To provide students with information on how to maintain and operate small and large gasoline engines and diesel engines To increase student ability to use operator's manuals to locate information and to follow step-by-step instructions for maintaining, diagnosing, and repairing To enhance student ability to use engines and tractors in a safe and efficient manner To create student awareness of criteria used to select appropriate engines and tractors for various applications Competencies At the conclusion of this unit, students will be able to explain current employment information such as job descriptions, job availability, personal and educational requirements, working conditions, opportunity for advancement, and other factors relative to potential employment in the agricultural power industry and relate it to their personal needs and aspirations; demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles of gasoline and diesel engines; maintain and operate small and large gasoline engines and diesel engines; use operator's manuals effectively to locate information; follow step-by-step instructions for maintenance, diagnosis, and repair operations; use engines and tractors in a safe and efficient manner; select appropriate engines and tractors for various applications; calculate fuel consumption needed for given acreages of various crops; and pass a safe tractor operator examination. Subject Matter (Basic skills integration areas are shown in brackets following title.) Careers - Current and future employment needs - Job descriptions - Training requirements - Working conditions - Opportunities for advancement - Other factors Engine operation [Science] - Internal combustion engine - Engine elements - Engine cycles (two- and four-stroke) - Engine systems - Engine types - Engine uses Basic engine components - Cylinder heads - Valves - Camshafts - Cylinder blocks - Cylinders - Pistons - Crankshafts - Balancers - Main bearings - Flywheel - Timing drives Fuel systems [Science] - Gasoline - LP gas - Diesel Engine systems - Intake and exhaust - Lubrication - Cooling systems - Governing systems - Electrical systems Electrical components [Science] - Storage batteries - Circuits Charging Starting Ignition Lighting and accessories - Maintenance Drives, transmissions, and components [Mathematics, Science] - Power train - Clutches - Mechanical transmissions - Hydraulic assist transmissions - Hydrostatic drives - Torque convertors - Differentials - Final drives - Power takeoffs - Special drives Hydraulics [Science] - Pumps - Valves - Cylinders - Motors - Accumulators - Filters - Seals - Fluids - Reservoirs and fluid transport components Tests, tune-ups, and equipment [Science] - Dynamometer test - Circuit testing and equipment - Troubleshooting - Nebraska Tractor Test analysis - Cleaning equipment and procedures Tractor selection [Mathematics] - Power requirements - Purchasing and operating costs - Nebraska Tractor Test results - Adaptability Safe tractor operation - Ignition procedures - Field operations - Adjustments - Gauge interpretations - Hitching and unhitching - Highway operation - Refueling - Engine "break-in" - Tractor operator's safety contests Motivational Activities Take field trips to agricultural implement dealers and equipment demonstrations. Post bulletin board displays featuring topics related to this topic. Organize tractor troubleshooting contests. Provide opportunities for hands-on engine work. Initiate a safe tractor operator program. View films, videotapes, and slides on related topics. Learning Activities Participate in a Supervised Agricultural Experience program. Perform various service on tractors. Repair large or small farm tractors. Take part in an FFA Safe Tractor Operator's Contest. Be active in a safe tractor-driving program. Instructional Materials Textbooks and References Agricultural Power and Machinery by C.O. Jacobs and W.R. Harrell. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983. Diesel and High Compression Gas Engines by Edgar J. Kates and W.E. Luck. Homewood, IL: American Technical Publishers, 1974. Farm Gas Engines and Tractors by Fred R. Jones. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980. Fundamentals of Machine Operation - Tractors. 2nd ed. Moline, IL: John Deere Company, 1984. Gas Engine Manual by Edwin P. Anderson. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan, 1985. Light Utility Tractor Service Manual. Overland Park, KS: Intertec Publishing, 1975. Machines for Power Farming by Archie Stone and Harold E. Gulvin. 3rd ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Books on Demand, 1979. Modern Farm Power by W.J. Promersberger et al. 3rd ed. Reston, VA: Reston Publishing, 1979. Small Tractor Service Manual. 7th ed. Overland Park, KS: Intertec Publishing, 1988. Bulletins and Pamphlets The following are available from the American Association for Vocational Instructional Materials. Hydraulics for Tractors and Other Mobile Equipment. 121 (Vols. I and II). 1974. Safe Tractor Operation and Daily Care. 103. Specifications for Tune-up and Service of Farm Tractors. 101. 1982. Understanding and Measuring Power. 902. 1978. The following are available from the Cooperative Extension Service. Fatal Farm Accidents in Wisconsin. A2302. Safe Use of Farm Tractors. A8MNF623. The following are available from Ohio Agricultural Education Curriculum Materials Service. Diesel Mechanics: Electrical Systems. 759X. Diesel Mechanics: Fundamentals. 757X. Hydraulics. 765X. Power Trains. 763X. Safe Operation of Agricultural Equipment. 710X. The following are available from Vocational Agriculture Services. Electrical Fundamentals Useful in Engine Analysis. U3032. Engine Compression and Cylinder Leakage Testing. U3025. The Engine Cooling System. U3030. Farm Tractor Tune-Up. U3008. The Ignition System - Testing and Analyzing Test Results. U3028. Preventing Tractor Overturns. U3040. Periodicals Implement and Tractor FFA New Horizons (formerly The National Future Farmer) Successful Farming Computer Software The following are available from Hobar Publications. Chains and Belts. Apple. Electrical Systems and Related Review. Apple, IBM, TRS, Macintosh. Engines and Related Review. Apple, IBM. Final Drives and Transmissions and Related Review. Apple, IBM, TRS, Macintosh. Hydraulics and Related Review. Apple, IBM, TRS, Macintosh. Tractor Preventive Maintenance Review. Apple, IBM, TRS, Macintosh. Tractor Selection Using Nebraska Tractor Test Data. Apple. The following is available from the Mid States Agri-Technology Associates, Ltd. Micro-Tutor: Tractors. Apple, IBM. On-line Computer Networks The following are available from Ag Ed Network, Agri Data Resources, Inc. Corn Belt Machinery Needs. HS89. Cost/Benefits: Storing Tractors. HS76. Cost/Benefits: Storing Trucks. HS79. Own or Lease a Tractor. HS166. Laboratory Resources The following is available from Hobar Publications. Safe Operation of Agricultural Equipment - Student Manual. 10076. 1976. The following is available from National Farm Book Company. Agriculture Power and Machinery (Workbook.) 1983. The following are available from the John Deere Company. Electrical Systems Workbook. STSG-1004. Engines Workbook. STSG-1002. Hydraulics Workbook. STSG-1003. Power Trains Workbook. STSG-1001. Films, Videotapes, and Slides The following is available from Ideal Pictures Film Library. Roar for Power. (16mm film, color, 15 minutes.) The following are available from the Bureau of Audio Visual Instruction. Engines and How They Work. 04544 (16mm film, color, 11 minutes). Encyclopedia Britannica Educational Corporation, 1982. Farm Tractor Safety. 01044 (16mm film, color, 11 minutes). International Photographic Center, 1976. 4-Cycle Engine. 07523 (16mm film, color, nine minutes). Carousel, 1970. How to Time the 2-Cycle Engine. 07525 (16mm film, color, eight minutes). Carousel, 1968. How to Troubleshoot a Small Engine (Power Mechanics Series). 07524 (16mm film, color, eight minutes). Carousel, 1970. Magneto Ignition. 07526 (16mm film, color, six minutes). Carousel, 1970. Modern Engines and Energy Conversion. 04837 (16mm film, color, 12 minutes). Centron, 1978. Rotary: Engine of the Future. 08248 (16mm film, color, 12 minutes). Films Inc., 1973. The following are available from the John Deere Company. Clean Air That Engines May Live. SX-1073 (16mm film, color). Clean Fuel That Engines May Live. SX-1076 (16mm film, color). Efficient Cooling Systems That Engines May Live. SX-1074 (16mm film, color). Electrical Systems. FOS-2005S (399 color slides). 5th ed. 1984. Engines. FOS-2006S (300 color slides). 5th ed. 1986. Function of Lubrication That Engines May Live. SX-1075 (16mm film, color). Hydraulics. FOS1003S (209 color slides). 3rd ed. 1979. Power Trains. FOS-4005S (167 color slides). 5th ed. 1984. The following is available from the Ohio Agricultural Education Curriculum Materials Service. Tractor Safety Begins With You. 711xx (VHS videotape, 20 minutes). Siegel and Associates, 1988. The following is available from Teaching Aids, Inc. Introduction to Tractor Mechanics. P-02-09426 (Two filmstrips with cassettes and guide). Vocational Media Associates, n.d. Tractor Operation and Safety. B-264 (Four filmstrips with cassettes and guide). Bergwall Productions, n.d.